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Computer Architecture : Chapter 1

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Pipe-lining - The Big Daemon Part 1 What is Pipe-Lining ? Implementation where multiple instructions are simultaneously overlapped in execution. Instruction Processes has 'n-stages'. Overlapped different instructions working on different phases. Non-Pipelined System Pipelined System As the diagram explains instructions execute one by one in non-pipelined system where as instruction execution is overlapped in pipelined system. So, pipelining speeds up the instruction execution than non-pipelining.  Speed-Up  =  ( time-taken-for-non-pipelining ) / (time-taken-for-pipelining) Speed-Up  =  ( P * n * T) / [ ( n * T ) + T * ( P - 1 ) ] [ P = number of instructions, n = number of micro instructions per instruction, T = time per micro instruction ] So, when P -> infinity , then speed up is approximately becomes ' n '.   By using pipelining 1-instruction will come out in T-Seconds so that 1-clock ...
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Computer Architecture : Chapter 0

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Computer Architecture Overview Before we study computer architecture we first must know what is a 'Computer Architecture'. So, this will be a small overview about what we are going to study. First of all What is a Computer Architecture ? It might be a real simple question to ask. But will be the hardest to answer. According to wikipedia, Computer Architecture is set of rules and methods that describes the functionality, organization and implementation of a Computer System. Some definitions may refer it to as describing then capabilities and programming models of a Computer System. But for both definitions Computer Architecture is something that is bound to a Computer System. Computer Architecture Consists of several components. So I have identified three major components. System Design : This includes all the hardware components of a computer system. CPU, Memory controllers etc. Instruction Set Architecture (ISA): Embedded Programming Language of CPU. Defin...
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